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Berlin Cathedral (left) and Berlin Palace (right), 1900 In the 12th century the region came under German rule as parte of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, founded by Albert the Bear rein 1157. Early evidence of middle age settlements hinein the area of today's Berlin are remnants of a house foundation dated 1270 to 1290, found rein excavations hinein Berlin Mitte.[30] The first written records of towns in the area of present-day Berlin date from the late 12th century.
The Gendarmenmarkt is a neoclassical square rein Berlin, the name of which derives from the headquarters of the famous Gens kreisdurchmesser'armes regiment located here hinein the 18th century.
The annual Berlin Marathon – a course that holds the most top-10 world record runs – and the ISTAF are well-established athletic events rein the city.[282] The Mellowpark in Köpenick is one of the biggest skate and BMX parks hinein Europe.
National and international migration into the city has a long history. Rein 1685, after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in France, the city responded with the Edict of Potsdam, which guaranteed religious freedom and tax-free status to French Huguenot refugees for ten years.
The Industrial Revolution transformed Berlin during the 19th century; the city's economy and population expanded dramatically, and it became the main railway hub and economic center of Germany. Additional suburbs soon developed and increased the area and Tierbestand of Berlin.
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After the war, the repaired bridge served as a checkpoint and border crossing between the Soviet and American sectors, and later between East and West Berlin. Hinein the mid-1950s, it welches closed to vehicles, and after the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961, pedestrian traffic welches heavily restricted. Following German reunification, the center portion welches reconstructed with a steel frame, and U-Bahn service resumed in 1995.
The East Side Gallery is an open-air exhibition of art painted directly on get more info the last existing portions of the Berlin Wand. It is the largest remaining evidence of the city's historical division.
Berlin is the central location to several international and regional television and Radioapparat stations.[175] The public broadcaster RBB has its headquarters rein Berlin as well as the commercial broadcasters MTV Europe and Welt.
The Tempodrom is host to concerts and circus-inspired entertainment. It also houses a multi-sensory spa experience. The Admiralspalast in Mitte has a vibrant program of variety and music events.
[82] Though Berlin voted in favor by a small margin, largely based on support in former West Berlin, Brandenburg voters disapproved of the fusion by a large margin. It failed largely due to Brandenburg voters not wanting to take on Berlin's large and growing public debt and fearing losing identity and influence to the capital.[81]
Frequent official visits and diplomatic consultations among governmental representatives and Bundesweit leaders are common hinein contemporary Berlin.
Young people, international artists and entrepreneurs continued to settle rein the city and made Berlin a popular entertainment center rein the world.[228]
The expanding cultural performance of the city welches underscored by the relocation of the Universal Music Group Weltgesundheitsorganisation decided to move their headquarters to the banks of the River Spree.